UNESCO Commemorates World Metrology Day

Metrology, or the science of measurement, is a fundamental infrastructure underpinning many aspects of modern life: from precise navigation through GPS systems to the accurate calculation of medication doses, from the design of safe structures to the monitoring of air pollution. Without standardized and reliable measurements, modern technologies, public safety and even environmental action would not be possible.

The metric system, a global achievement in the field of metrology, provides a foundation for international scientific cooperation and the exchange of reliable data. It is fully aligned with UNESCO’s mission to advance science in building a sustainable and equitable future.

In 2024, for the first time, UNESCO officially included World Metrology Day in its international calendar, following a decision adopted by its 42nd General Conference in 2023. This initiative aimed to highlight the importance of standardized measurement in addressing global challenges such as sustainable development, energy efficiency, public health, and scientific and technological innovation.

Examples Illustrating the Importance of Metrology

• The Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy was built on soft, unstable soil because its builders lacked access to precise instruments for assessing ground conditions. Over time, the tower began to lean.
• In 1983, a passenger aircraft nearly ran out of fuel in mid-flight because its crew was unfamiliar with the new metric measurement system.
• In 1999, NASA’s Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft was lost because two scientific teams used different units of measurement: one calculated in metres and millimetres, while the other used inches and feet.

World Metrology Day therefore offers an opportunity to reflect on the importance of this fundamental science, which improves human quality of life and contributes to a safer and more sustainable future.

In a message marking World Metrology Day, Ms. Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, also emphasized the vital role of measurement science in the advancement of human civilization and the creation of a more equitable and sustainable world.

The message from the Director-General of UNESCO states: “Metrology has long been an integral part of human civilization. From ancient units such as the cubit to modern measurement technologies, humanity has continually sought to gain a more precise understanding of the world around us.”

Referring to the anniversary of the establishment of the International System of Units (SI), following the signing of the Metre Convention in 1875, she described this system as one of the greatest achievements of international cooperation, stating: “Behind every reliable transaction and every scientific advance lie precise measurements.”

Measurement Science in the Service of Peace, Knowledge and Culture

Ms. Azoulay emphasized that metrology plays a key role not only in scientific research but also in the cultural sphere. She highlighted its applications in safeguarding World Heritage, monitoring natural disasters and developing initiatives such as Seabed 2030, a program launched in 2017 to map the ocean floor, of which more than 25% has been completed to date.

Towards a More Informed World: Open Knowledge and Accessible Data

In line with the motto “Measure once, accept everywhere,” UNESCO emphasizes the importance of open access to scientific data. In this context, the Recommendation on Open Science and the International Basic Sciences Programme are two key instruments that help reduce knowledge gaps around the world.

At the end of her message, the Director-General called on the public to appreciate the role of precise measurements in everyday life and urged younger generations to understand the importance of this science and actively contribute to its development. She stated: “Let us measure our progress, set our goals and carefully chart the path towards a united and sustainable world.”